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9th-11th century A.D. Piriform in profile with narrow point, and deep shoulder, narrow neck and domed mouth. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. 512 grams, 11.3 cm (4 1/2 in.). [No Reserve] From a London, UK, gentleman's collection of ancient pottery and artefacts, 1990s. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile with raised bosses and hatching, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 660 grams total, 15 cm (5 7/8 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile decorated with a band of annulets and chevrons, domed filler hole, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 406 grams, 12.2 cm (4 3/4 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile with domed filler-hole, vertical shoulders to the shoulder, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 548 grams, 14.1 cm (5 1/2 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

13th-15th century A.D. A hollow vessel with cylindrical body, short neck and domed mouth, three raised lugs to the body; intended to be filled with explosive liquid and a wick, and used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 409 grams, 16 cm (6 1/4 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile with domed filler-hole, raised vertical ribs and impressed teardrop-shaped motifs to the body, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 547 grams, 15.3 cm (6 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile with domed filler-hole, four raised lugs to the body with impressed lozenges in between, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. 497 grams, 14 cm (5 1/2 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form.

9th-11th century A.D. A large piriform missile with domed filler-hole, a band of impressed annulets to the shoulder and circumferential bands to the lowed body, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. 957 grams, 15.2 cm (6 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form.

9th-11th century A.D. A large piriform missile with raised lugs and impressed circle-and-dot motifs, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 708 grams, 16 cm (6 1/4 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. Bulbous missile with domed filler hole, circumferential double band above the shoulder, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. 388 grams, 10.6 cm (4 1/8 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form.

14th-15th century A.D. A hollow vessel with cylindrical body, short neck and domed mouth, band of X-motifs and vertical lines to the body; intended to be filled with explosive liquid and a wick, and used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 1.05 kg, 18 cm (7 1/8 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile with dimed filler-hole, ribbed body and a band of stamped S-motifs around the neck, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 560 grams, 14.2 cm (5 5/8 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. A large piriform missile with raised lugs and impressed teardrop-shaped motifs to the body, domed filler-hole, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 1.19 kg, 17.5 cm (6 7/8 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. Biconvex in profile with tall neck and domed mouth, deformed when the clay was still wet. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. 1.1 kg total, 13 cm (5 1/8 in.). [No Reserve] From a specialist London, UK, arms and armour collection, 1990s. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form.

1st century A.D. Fragments of wall plaster with rendered surface painted with mainly red and brown detailing; some with impression of timber laths to the reverse. Cf. Hakanen, V., 'VI Wall Plaster Fragments' in Berg, R., Kuivalainen, I., Domus Pompeiana M. Lucretii, IX,3, 5.24, The inscriptions, Works of Art and Finds from the Old and New Excavations, Vantaa, 2019, pp.196-224, figs.3-4. 1.73 kg total, 4.5-17 cm (1 3/3 - 6 3/4 in.). [10, No Reserve] Acquired in the 19th century. Ex Jeger collection, Switzerland. UK gallery, early 2000s.These small fragments, for analogies with the fragments of Pompeii, seems to belong to the second style of Roman painting, red panels representing highlight and shadow, decorated with vegetal interlaces. Some panels were probably framed by a red grenade fillet. A fragment shows alternate blue and red colour over a cream background, maybe pertinent to a socle.

1st century A.D. Fragments of wall plaster with rendered surface painted with mainly red, blue and white detailing; some with impression of timber laths to the reverse. Cf. Hakanen, V., 'VI Wall Plaster Fragments' in Berg, R., Kuivalainen, I., Domus Pompeiana M. Lucretii, IX,3, 5.24, The inscriptions, Works of Art and Finds from the Old and New Excavations, Vantaa, 2019, pp.196-224, figs.3-4. 770 grams total, 5.2-11.6 cm (2 - 4 1/2 in.). [10, No Reserve] Acquired in the 19th century. Ex Jeger collection, Switzerland. UK gallery, early 2000s.These small fragments, for analogies with the fragments of Pompeii, seems to belong to the second style of Roman painting, red panels representing highlight and shadow, decorated with vegetal interlaces. Some panels were probably framed by a red grenade fillet. A fragment shows alternate blue and red colour over a cream background, maybe pertinent to a socle.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile with dome filler-hole with impressed teardrop-shaped motifs to the upper body and herringbone pattern to the lower, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 526 grams, 14.5 cm (5 3/4 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. Comprising a hollow-form missile with domed filler-hole, incised vertical lines to the body, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 567 grams, 13.4 cm (5 1/4 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. A large piriform missile with domed filler-hole, impressed concentric circles to the shoulder, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 686 grams, 14 cm (5 1/2 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. Comprising a piriform body and narrow neck, impressed decoration to the body, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 471 grams, 11.8 cm (4 5/8 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile with domed filler hole, impressed concentric circles to the body, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and wick, used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 553 grams, 11.9 cm (4 3/4 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

9th-11th century A.D. A piriform missile with domed filler-hole, raised lugs and impressed teardrop-shaped motifs to the body, intended to be filled with explosive liquid and a wick, and used as a hand grenade. Cf. Arendt, W. I., Granaten des 13-14. Jahrhunderts, die an der Wolga gefunden sind, Zeitschrift fur Historische Waffen-und Kostumkunde, 11 (1926-8), p.42; cf. Arendt, W., Die Spharisch-konischen Gefäße aus Gebranntem Ton, ibid; cf. Ayalon, D., Gunpowder and Firearms in the Mamluk Kingdom, London, 1956, p.16. Apart from the use of siphons or manual flame-throwers called cheirosiphona, special corps of Roman soldiers employed terracotta grenades, in the form of small jars, abundantly evidenced in archaeological excavations. They were called μεσαία kακαβιά or κυτροκακάβια where the former had a bulbous shape and the latter a more cylindrical form. 767 grams, 16 cm (6 1/4 in.). [No Reserve] From an important specialist collection, London, UK, 1990s onwards. Accompanied by an academic paper by military specialist Dr Raffaele D'Amato, dated 15 July 2019 and titled 'Eastern Roman Empire - Greek Fire Bomb or Hand Grenade (μεσαίον kακάβιον) 9th-11th century AD'.

A de-activated rifle grenade

A WWII Mills No.36 hand grenade (deactivated)

American M1 Garand Bayonet Shortened M1905 Example9 1/2 inch, single edged blade. Forte stamped with "U.S." flaming grenade and "U.F.H. 1942". CANNOT POST

A PAIR OF VICTORIAN NOVELTY SILVER 'GRENADE' PEPPERETTES, JOSEPH BRAHAM, LONDON, 1885 unscrewing from the centre of the spheres, with weighted bases, the 'flames' simply pellet pierced, 6.5cm highReasonably good condition

MILITARY INTEREST - an Antique platinum diamond British Army Regimental Grenadier Guards brooch, pave set with old European and rose-cut diamonds, modelled as a flaming grenade, total diamond content approx 0.75ct, unmarked mount tests as platinum, 29mm, 5.7g . Condition Report: No damage, all stones present, diamonds very bright and lively, 1 diamond has either been replaced or just dropped down into setting, small solder mark evident on hinge of fitting but still appears stable, fitting working, unmarked but tests as platinum

An inert 1942 dated British No 68 anti-tank rifle grenade

An inert 1942 dated British No 68 anti-tank rifle grenade

An inert 1954 British Army No 94 anti-tank rifle grenade

A desk stand, in the form of a Mills bomb, the base 'Momento Of The Great War, Actual Hand Grenade Casting As Used By The Allies' Provenance:  The property of a West Country collector

Large Collection of Lobby Cards (1960s-1990s) - approximately 70+ various lobby cards ranging from 1960s cinema to late 90s cult classics. To include the following titles; Batman (1), From Russia With Love (1), Goldfinger (1), On Her Majestys Secret Service (1), Where Eagles Dare (7), Christopher Columbus (8), Silence Of The Lambs (1), Airport 77 (8), The Formula (8), Lethal Weapon 3 (8), Company Of Cowards (1),Bite The Bullet (2), Crooks In Cloisters (4), The Last Grenade (3), A covenant With Death (8), The Soul Of * Charlie (8), Gone With The Wind (1), Bullit (5),Dr. Zhivago (2), The Long Duel (4), The Searchers (1) and others. Comprised of Original movie stills and reproduction facsimiles. (aprx.70). Condition Report: Various conditions and not all complete sets

2 Reservistenkrüge. Je Porzellan mit Bodenlithophanie, kolorierter Umrissvordruck, Zinn. H 24 bzw. 28 cm. Krug in Granatenform mit Lithophanie (Abschied), Goldstaffage und blauem Fond. Zentrale Ulmansicht mit Kaiser Wilhelm II. und Wappen, flankiert von Militärszenen sowie gedruckte Namensliste. "Reservist Henniger" "I. Battr. Hohenzoll. Fuß Art. Regt. No. 13 Ulm 1909-11". Deckel in Granatenform mit Vogeldrücker. / Krug mit Lithophanie (König Ludwig von Bayern), auf der Wandung zentrales Bildnis König Wilhelm II. von Württemberg über 2 Wappen, flankiert von Soldatenszenen sowie gedruckte Namensliste. "Hornist Rausch" "4. Inft.-Rgt. 'König Wilhelm v. Württemberg' 4. Comp. Metz 1904-06". Deckel mit Löwen-Kartuschenhalter als Drücker sowie stehender Soldat neben Bavaria-Löwen. Je kleinere Bodenhaarrisse, Lötspur am Deckel in Granatenform. Aufrufzeit 26. | Feb. 2025 | voraussichtlich 17:18 Uhr (CET)2 reservist mugs. Each porcelain with bottom lithophane, colored outline print, pewter. H 24 and 28 cm respectively. Jug in the shape of a grenade with lithophane (farewell), gold staffage and blue background. Central elm view with Kaiser Wilhelm II and coat of arms, flanked by military scenes and printed list of names. "Reservist Henniger" "I. Battr. Hohenzoll. Foot Art. Regt. No. 13 Ulm 1909-11". Lid in grenade form with bird finial / jug with lithophane (King Ludwig of Bavaria), on the wall a central portrait of King Wilhelm II of Württemberg above 2 coats of arms, flanked by scenes of soldiers and a printed list of names. "Hornist Rausch" "4th Inft. regiment 'King Wilhelm of Württemberg' 4th Comp. Metz 1904-06". Lid with lion cartridge holder as pusher and standing soldier next to Bavaria lion. Small bottom hairline cracks, solder mark on lid in grenade shape. Call time 26 | Feb. 2025 | probably 17:18 (CET)*This is an automatically generated translation from German by deepl.com and only to be seen as an aid - not a legally binding declaration of lot properties. Please note that we can only guarantee for the correctness of description and condition as provided by the German description.

Reservistenkrug Artillerie Halle 1909/11. Porzellan mit Bodenlithophanie (Abschied), kolorierter Umrissvordruck, Zinn. H 30 cm. Zentrales Schulterstück zwischen dem Bildnis Kaiser Wilhelm II. und Adler, darüber Reiter, flankiert von Militärszenen mit Kanonen. "Kanonier Laub" "Mansfeld. Feldart.-Regt. Nr. 75, 1. Batt. Halle a/Saale". Zinndeckel in Form einer Granate mit Adlerdrücker sowie Kanone als Bekrönung. Haarriss am Boden, Schutzschild der Lafette fehlt, ohne Namensliste. Aufrufzeit 26. | Feb. 2025 | voraussichtlich 17:19 Uhr (CET)Reservist mug Artillery Halle 1909/11. Porcelain with bottom lithophane (farewell), colored outline print, pewter. H 30 cm. Central shoulder piece between the portrait of Kaiser Wilhelm II and eagle, above rider, flanked by military scenes with cannons. "Kanonier Laub" "Mansfeld. Feldart.-Regt. no. 75, 1st Batt. Halle a/Saale". Pewter lid in the shape of a grenade with eagle pusher and cannon as crown. Haarriss at the bottom, protective shield of the gun carriage missing, without list of names. Call time 26 | Feb. 2025 | probably 17:19 (CET)*This is an automatically generated translation from German by deepl.com and only to be seen as an aid - not a legally binding declaration of lot properties. Please note that we can only guarantee for the correctness of description and condition as provided by the German description.

Reservistenkrug Artillerie München 1910-1911. Undeutliche Bodenmarke, gedruckte Marke "Jak. Maier München". Keramik grau glasiert, kolorierter Umrissvordruck, Zinn. H 25 cm. Krug in Granatenform mit Monogramm auf zentralem Schulterstück, Bildnis Luipold Prinzregent v. Bayern und Wappen, daneben 4 Militärszenen sowie gedruckte Namensliste. "Einj. Freiw. Richard Kaselowski" "7. Feld Art. Rgt. 'PrinzReg. Luipold v. B.' 1. Batt. München". Deckel in Granatenform mit Löwen-Wappenhalter als Drücker. Aufrufzeit 26. | Feb. 2025 | voraussichtlich 17:19 Uhr (CET)Reservist mug artillery Munich 1910-1911. Indistinct bottom mark, printed mark "Jak. Maier München". Grey glazed ceramic, colored outline print, pewter. H 25 cm. Jug in grenade form with monogram on central shoulder piece, portrait of Luipold Prince Regent of Bavaria and coat of arms, next to it 4 military scenes and printed list of names. "Einj. Freiw. Richard Kaselowski" "7. Feld Art. Rgt. 'PrinzReg. Luipold v. B.' 1st Batt. Munich". Cover in grenade shape with lion crest holder as pusher. Aufrufzeit 26. | Feb. 2025 | voraussichtlich 17:19 Uhr (CET)*This is an automatically generated translation from German by deepl.com and only to be seen as an aid - not a legally binding declaration of lot properties. Please note that we can only guarantee for the correctness of description and condition as provided by the German description.

2 Reservistenkrüge. Je Porzellan mit Bodenlithophanie (Abschied bzw. Paar), kolorierter Umrissvordruck, Zinn, 1x Stanhope-Lupenminiatur. H 32 bzw. 24 cm. Großer Krug mit zentralem Schulterstück zwischen dem Bildnis Friedrich II. und Wappen, darüber Reiter mit Lafette flankiert von Militärszenen mit Kanone sowie gedruckte Namensliste. "Reservist Kühnert" "1 Reit. Battr. 1. Kurhess. Feld. Art. Rgt. Nro. II Fritzlar 1910-13". Deckel in Granatenform mit Reiterbekrönung (Stanhope-Lupenminiatur im Pferdekopf) sowie Adlerdrücker. / Auf der Wandung Germania mit Fahnen und Wachsoldat flankiert von Säulen mit Namenslisten sowie Militärszenen. "Reservist Reinhardt" "Handw. Abth. Bekl. Amt XI A H Cassel 1901-1903". Reliefierter Zinndeckel mit Adlerdrücker. Großer Krug etwas berieben, Deckel etwas locker, Reiterkopf angebrochen, fehlende Mikrofotografie. Aufrufzeit 26. | Feb. 2025 | voraussichtlich 17:21 Uhr (CET)2 reservist mugs. Each porcelain with bottom lithophane (farewell or couple), colored outline print, pewter, 1x Stanhope loupe miniature. H 32 and 24 cm respectively. Large tankard with central shoulder piece between the portrait of Frederick II and coat of arms, above it a horseman with gun carriage flanked by military scenes with cannon and a printed list of names. "Reservist Kühnert" "1 Reit. Battr. 1. Kurhess. Field. Art. Rgt. Nro. II Fritzlar 1910-13". Lid in grenade form with equestrian crown (Stanhope magnifying glass miniature in the horse's head) and eagle pusher / On the wall Germania with flags and guard soldier flanked by columns with lists of names and military scenes. "Reservist Reinhardt" "Handw. Abth. Bekl. Amt XI A H Cassel 1901-1903". Pewter lid in relief with eagle pusher. Large jug somewhat rubbed, lid somewhat loose, horseman's head broken, missing microphotograph. Call time 26 | Feb. 2025 | probably 17:21 (CET)*This is an automatically generated translation from German by deepl.com and only to be seen as an aid - not a legally binding declaration of lot properties. Please note that we can only guarantee for the correctness of description and condition as provided by the German description.

PRESS PHOTOGRAPHY. A collection of Second World War photographs, mainly relating to the British Army and General Training, circa 1939-45, by British Official, Keystone and other similar agencies, printed captions verso, largest 25cm x 20cm Subjects include:Army Pigeon ServiceBatmen (Orderlies) cleaning bootsHand Grenade PracticePontoon and bridge buildingCyclists ArmyCavalry ChargeRoyal Marines 'Over the Top' exercisesand more (36)

A Second World War US M1 Garand bayonet, marked 'PAL / U.S' with flaming grenade to one side of the ricasso, no date mark, blade length 24.5cm, overall length 36cm, in M7 scabbard cut down from larger M3 model with crimped mount

WORLD WAR II, German glass grenade, together with German propaganda leaflet

A WW2 era, circa 1943 United States M1 bayonet, for the Garand rifle, with the makers mark of ‘OL’ for Oneida Ltd. No manufacture date, but it’s believed that the undated examples date from circa 1943. With a finely ridged black grip, and birds beak pommel. Steel cross guard with muzzle ring, and integral metal belt hook. Single edged blade with fuller, and a flattened spine. Complete with M7 green plastic scabbard, with a metal throat (this being marked with a flaming grenade and ‘U.S’. Approximately 39.5cm in scabbard, blade length 25.4cm. Condition: generally good. Some normal service and age related wear, with the scabbard being a little discoloured near the chape area. Some darkening to the blade and other steel parts.

A WW2 era German Soldbuch, together with 3 award certificates named to Obergefreiter Gerhard Werner of 49 Jäger Regiment. To include: a Soldbuch detailing his service on the Eastern Front in the Winter of 1941/42 with the 12th Company 49th Jäger Regiment, 28th Jäger Division. He later participated in the division’s push into the Crimea. Gerhard was wounded in the upper arm by grenade shrapnel in May 1942, which resulted in him being transferred to a reserve battalion in order for him to convalesce. No further entries are made after June 1944, and Gerhard’s fate is unknown. The award certificates are for the Infantry Assault Badge from June 1942, a preliminary award certificate for the Crimea shield from May 1943, plus his official award certificate backdated to January 1943, and the certificate for the award of the 1939 War Merit Cross dated September 1943. As per his soldbuch, Obergefreiter Werner is also entitled to the Black Wound Badge, the 1941/2 Eastern Front Medal, and the Iron Cross 2nd Class. Condition: normal age and service wear. The Soldbuch shows some wear to the cover and internal pages, with a number of the pages also being loose. The award documents show some fold lines and normal age wear.

A selection of WW2 German equipment. To include: a good pair of late WW2 era. German army M37 pattern ankle gaiters, manufactured in moss green canvas, with black grain leather reinforcements, and tan leather straps. Both gaiters are ink stamped ‘RKStW’ with one also having a clear number 44 for 1944. White stitching to the hemmed areas. Plus, a WW2 era pair of M44 trouser braces, marked ‘ggb44’, and a pair of black leather Zeltbahn straps, one marked bdr44 and the other marked gmo42. The latter is also unit marked ‘2FJR’ (2.Fallschirmjäger?). Both straps retain their metal buckles and leather retaining loops. And a old reproduction of a German ‘Stielhandgranate’ with turned wooden handle, and screw off end cap. The cylindrical head is embossed stamped ‘RR564 1939’, and paint / ink stamp featuring the eagle and swastika, and ‘WaA 564’. Curiously, the grenade is fitted with what appears to be a genuine period splinter sleeve. Approximately 35.5cm in length. Condition: good. Some normal light service and age related wear, but no apparent damage or repairs. The grenade shows some patination to the wooden shaft, and some minor paint chipping to the metal parts.

A WW2 era United States USM3 fighting knife, with its USM8 scabbard. Known as the 3rd type, the knife is marked only to the guard, with this reading ‘US M3 UTICA’ for Utica Cutlery Co - this would likely date it to circa 1944. The cross guard is interesting in the fact that is has an unusual S shaped profile, possibly a period modification. The grip consists of a serious of stacked leather washers, with flat steel pommel to the end (the pommel marked with US flaming grenade mark). The blade is single edged, with a false edge near the tip, and is of flattened diamond form. The scabbard is formed from fibres reinforced with plastic, and it retains its olive drab colour. The throat is steel, and is marked ‘US M8’ and has the manufactures mark of BM Co. The scabbard features an integral green webbing belt loop, with retaining strap and press stud. Approximately 30.5cm in scabbard, blade length 16.5cm. Condition: some age and service wear. The leather grip shows normal service wear and patination, but remains intact. The steel cross guard and pommel have darkened with age, but remain in good order. The blade is relatively clean and bright, with minor mottling to the surface in places. The plastic scabbard shows more wear, with the often seen missing tip to the end where it has broken away. There is also some cracking to the edge, and there is a little movement to this area.

Ca. AD 800 - 1000.An earthenware hollow vessel with a rounded shoulder, a pointed base, and a pronounced spout with a circular opening. Decorated with carved circular designs around its shoulder. Functioning as a hand grenade, this artefact was designed to be filled with Greek fire or other combustible substances. When thrown, the vessel would break upon impact, dispersing the contents and igniting upon contact with the target, making it a formidable weapon in Byzantine military strategies.Size: 115mm x 85mm; weight 380gProvenance: Private UK Ancient Art Collection formerly acquired on the UK, European, and USA Art Markets from pre-2000 Collections.

Ca. AD 800 - 1000.An acorn-shaped earthenware vessel, with a pointed base and broad rounded shoulder, featuring a protruding spout with a filling hole. Around the shoulder runs a decorative pattern of engraved rhomboids. Functioning as a hand grenade, this artefact was designed to be filled with Greek fire or other combustible substances. When thrown, the vessel would break upon impact, dispersing the contents and igniting upon contact with the target, making it a formidable weapon in Byzantine military strategies.Size: 90mm x 65mm; weight 175gProvenance: Private UK collection; From an old British collection formed in the 1990s.

Ca. AD 800 - 1000.An earthenware vessel with its elongated body and pointed base, featuring a prominent rounded shoulder with incised decoration. Topping the vessel is a domed spout with a filling hole. Functioning as a hand grenade, this artefact was designed to be filled with Greek fire or other combustible substances. When thrown, the vessel would break upon impact, dispersing the contents and igniting upon contact with the target, making it a formidable weapon in Byzantine military strategies.Size: 175mm x 75mm; weight 445gProvenance: Private UK collection; From an old British collection formed in the 1990s.

Ammo box together with de-commissioned hand grenade

A Deactivated British Grenade

A deactivated Mills Grenade, dated 1916

Hollywood Collectibles Group standard edition life size Pulse Rifle (Brown Bess) from the film Aliens with wall hanging mount, limited edition 317/1000 in good previously used condition, LED counter function in working order with telescopic stock and sliding grenade launcher grip, please note small repaired crack behind main hand grip POA https://www.bradleys.ltd/quotation-request-form

An Imperial German Iron Cross of 1914, Second Class, with black and white ribbon, a WWII Luftwaffe barracks flatware knife and fork, the fork stamped 'F1.U.V.', Indistinctly stamped '?.W.S.41' and bearing the Third Reich Luftwaffe insignia, the knife stamped to the blade 'Rostfrei, Solingen', further stamped 'G.8.S.40' and 'Fl.U.V' and bearing Third Reich Luftwaffe insignia, and an inert candlestick grenade, inscribed to the upper section 'VOR GEBRAUCH SPRENGKAPSEL EINSETZEN' (4).

A diamond-set Royal Artillery Grenade Regimental sweetheart brooch, comprising a flaming grenade encrusted with graduated rose-cut diamonds, bearing motto 'Ubique' on blue enamel scroll, brooch fittings to the back, unmarked metal testing as 18ct, 3.0 cm long, 4.7 grams.

NO. 3 (MADRAS) FIELD BATTERY 'THE DUKE'S OWN', A VICTORIAN INDIAN SILVER MOUNTED REGIMENTAL INKSTAND ORR, PETER & SONS, MADRAS 1880 With an applied central armorial and motto, flanked by two rectangular inkwells with coronet covers, fused grenade terminals to the corners, a pen tray and the drawer engraved 'His grace the Duke of Buckingham & Chandos G.C.S.I. C.I.E, a souvenir from J. G. Coleman, Major, commanding Duke's own volunteer artillery, Madras November 1880 34cm (13 1/2in) long 515g (16.55 oz) weighable The No.3 Madras Field Battery was raised from the Madras Volunteer Guards in 1879, and was administered by the Madras Presidency, whose Governor was the 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, (1823-1889), was Governor of Madras Presidency from 1875-1880.     Condition Report: Main body and drawer appear to be unmarkedTwo inkwells stamped P. Orr & Sons MadrasPlay to both hingesLock on drawer functioningDrawer slides freelyMotto - pro deo patria et amicis templa quam dilecta Silver mounted on woodEngraving clear3336g (107.27 oz) grossLight scratches and wear commensurate with age and useConsigned by a private vendor Condition Report Disclaimer

An Antique gold and diamond stick pin in the form of a grenade. Approx. 3 grams. Est. £60 - £80.

Two shoe boxes containing various model cars including two Meccano Ltd Dinky Toys fire engines, a Dinky Toys Fordson flatbed lorry, Dinky Toys ambulance another Dinky Toys flatbed lorry and a Dinky Toys Austin flatbed lorry with cover and another green painted Dinky Toys high side open lorry and twin axle trailer together with various other Models of Yesteryear, Lledo etc and a small iron cauldron bearing label inscribed "World War 1915-16 hand grenade as used by the Allies" on three brass bullet head feet, a small teak pot with label inscribed "From the teak of HMS Warspite" and a reproduction brass military style compass

A US Cal .30 M1 ammo tin and contents including a German WWII first aid bandage, a gun cleaning kit, Carl Zeiss military sun glasses, a wooden model stick grenade and a Kodak A127 camera.

A WW1 AUSTRIAN LUFTMINEWWERFER M15 SHELL / HAND GRENADE (INERT)

Inert WW1 British No20 MkII Rifle Grenade, example with remains of the original paint finish to the head. With steel rod. Top stamped ‘No20 II E&S 1916’. No screwcap. NOT AVAILABLE TO BIDDERS OUTSIDE THE UK. PLEASE SEE SHIPPING INFORMATION IN RELATION TO SHIPPING OF GRENADES. PERSONAL COLLECTION ADVISED. 

Inert Imperial German 1915/16 Stick Grenade, example retaining much of the original field green paint finish to the canister head. Remains of the white stencilling to the canister. Missing the top plate cap. The wooden handle impressed ‘5 ½ Sek. AEG’. With bottom cap but no pull string or ball. NOT AVAILABLE TO BIDDERS OUTSIDE THE UK. PLEASE SEE SHIPPING INFORMATION IN RELATION TO SHIPPING OF GRENADES. PERSONAL COLLECTION ADVISED.  

Inert WW1 British No24 MkII Rifle Grenade, good example with the original rod. Brass screwcap to the top of the head. Much of the original finish remains. NOT AVAILABLE TO BIDDERS OUTSIDE THE UK. PLEASE SEE SHIPPING INFORMATION IN RELATION TO SHIPPING OF GRENADES. PERSONAL COLLECTION ADVISED.